Which film represents the first major modern science fiction film of the German Expressionism movement?

"Metropolis," directed by Fritz Lang and released in 1927, is widely recognized as the first major modern science fiction film that encapsulates the principles of German Expressionism. The film is notable for its ambitious scale, innovative special effects, and iconic visual style, all hallmarks of the German Expressionist movement.

Its narrative explores themes of class struggle, industrialization, and the dehumanizing effects of modernity, which were prevalent concerns during the Weimar Republic era. The stark contrasts used in lighting, jagged architecture, and exaggerated performances reflect the Expressionist aesthetic, which sought to convey emotional experience rather than physical reality.

In addition to its artistic and thematic significance, "Metropolis" also introduced essential science fiction elements, such as advanced technology, dystopian futures, and a critical examination of society's impact on the individual. This makes it a pivotal work not just in the context of German cinema but also in the broader history of the science fiction genre.

Other films mentioned focus on horror or gothic themes rather than embodying the science fiction aspects showcased in "Metropolis." Thus, understanding its importance within both the German Expressionism movement and the evolution of science fiction film is crucial.